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In chemistry, salt is a chemical compound composed of cations (positively charged ions) bound to anions (negatively charged ions). Typical product of a chemical reaction between a base and an acid, the base provides the cation and acid anion. The chemical combination between an acid and a hydroxide (base) or an oxide and a hydronium (acid) produces a salt plus water, what is called neutralization. An example is table salt, known in colloquial common salt, sea salt or just salt. Specific salt is sodium chloride. Its chemical formula is NaCl and is the product of the base sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid, HCl. In general, salts are ionic compounds form crystals. Are generally soluble in water, separates the two ions. Typical salts have a high melting point, low hardness, and low compressibility. Fused or dissolved in water conduct electricity. A saline solution, resulting from the reaction of a strong acid with strong base is highly ionized and therefore neutral. The explanation is that the counterions of strong acids and weak bases are fairly stable, and therefore does not hydrolyze the water. An example is sodium chloride, lithium bromide and others. A saline solution of a strong acid with a weak base is acidic. This is because, after dissociated salt dissolved, the weak base has a tendency to attract OH-, hydroxides that will get hydrolyzing water. Finally, we have an excess of hydronium ions in solution which give the solution acidity. A weaker the base, the more acidic the resulting solution. Chemically. A saline solution of a weak acid with strong base is basic. The mechanism is the same as in previous case: the acid, the weak, tend to attract a proton, which must necessarily come from the hydrolysis of water. An example, dissolution in water of sodium acetate, which is usually what you use daily at home. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3. 0, additional terms may apply. Read Terms of Use for more information. . . .
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